[CA] Lecture #02

Ch 0: Computer Architecture

Compilation System

1. Pre-Processor (cpp)
   : Preprocessing phase --> Modifies the original C program according to directives that begin with "#" character.
   - Ex) #include <stdio.h>
2. Compiler (cc1)
   : Complication phase --> Translates the text file hello.i into the text file hello.s, which contains an assembly-language program.
   **Assembly language is same.
3. Assembler (as)
   : Assembly phase --> Translate hello.s into machine-language instructions, packages them in a form known as a relocatable object.
   **Machine-language instructions = Binary
4. Linker (ld)
   : Linking phase --> Handles merging and generate an executable object file.

 

Hardware Organization

Hardware Organization

• BUS
• I/O Devices
• Main Memory
• Processor (CPU)

 

Simple Operations

• Load: main memory --> register
• Store: register --> main memory
• Operate: Copy the contents of two registers to the ALU and perform an arithmetic operation on the two words, and store the result in a register, overwriting the previous contents of that register.
• Jump: Extract a word from the instruction itself and copy that word into the PC(Program Counter), overwriting the previous value of the PC.