[컴퓨터구조] 1. Computer Abstractions and Technology (3)

1. Brief History of Computer Technology
2. Today's Technology: VLSI CMOS
3. VLSI Technology Trends

 

VLSI Microprocessors

▶ VLSI(Very Large Scale Integration)

: 매우 많은 수의 반도체 소자와 전기적 기능을 단일 칩(칩, 칩 또는 집적 회로)에 통합하는 반도체 제조 기술과 설계 분야

• Lower channel length --> Faster driving of the Processor.
• Process shrinks: Reduction of the channel length.

Process shrinks

 

VLSI Technology Overview

• CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  - Semiconductor(반도체): 전도체/절연체 control 가능

 

VLSI Technology

CMOS Transistors

CMOS Transistors

▶ CMOS = PMOS + NMOS

• P transistor --> PMOS
• N transistor --> NMOS

 

CMOS Logic Gates

CMOS Logic Gates

 

VLSI Processing

VLSI Processing

 

Integrated Circuits

 

PCB(Printed Circuit Boards)

 

VLSI Design Tradeoffs

VLSI Design Tradeoffs

• Voltage ↓ --> Power ↓
• Clock speed ↑ --> Power ↑: tradeoff

 

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VLSI Trends: Moore's Law

: In 1965, Gordon Moore predicted that transistors would continue to shirink, allowing:

• Doubled transistor density every 2 years.
• Doubled performance every 18 months.

 

Technology Trends

: Microprocessor complexity ↑, Processor performance ↑, Memory capacity ↑

 

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Summary

 

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